Human right abuses in Ahwaz, south Iran, racism and genocide Essay

Human right maltreatment in Ahwaz, south Iran, bigotry and massacre - Essay Example Above all else, it ought to be noticed that in the age of human right assurance, decimation is situated as one of the most merciless infringement and misuses forced on people. Individuals of Ahwaz are exposed to destruction, however they are indigenous country of Iran. These individuals are Arabs and the Iranian system is narrow minded to them and these individuals are regularly detained for their convictions or for their nationality (Security Council Meeting). Detainment of individuals from Ahwaz is another test, since they are brutally rewarded, don't have lawyer and visits of specialists or relatives are prohibited. In addition, individuals in Ahwaz don't have a reasonable chance of instruction. Individuals of Ahwaz are expelled to different urban communities, in light of the fact that the Iranian system needs to change segment populace of this country. Characteristic assets of Ahwaz are narrow mindedly utilized by Iranians and Ahwaz turned into the most dirtied city on the planet in 2009. There is an absence of water and the World Health Organization is on alert concerning an elevated level of contamination of Ahwaz (Iraqi exiles). In this manner, the Iranian system is in transit of decimation augmentation against individuals of Ahwaz. They don't give them required conditions forever; they detain and even slaughter delegates of Ahwazi country. States of life of Ahwazi country are loathsome and there is an immediate and deliberate physical demolition of this country. There is a counteraction of labor giving. In addition, the Iranian system is moving individuals starting with one gathering then onto the next persuasively. Accordingly, there is an immediate interruption in all circles of life of the Ahwazi country. Luckily, the global network is keen on the interests’ insurance of Ahwazi Arabs. There is an incredible move in anticipation of decimation against this country in correlation with 2005, when the ethnic destruction of Ahwazi Arabs by the Iranian government was affirmed by the universal boards. Lamentably,

Is There Such a Thing As a Summative Response Essay Sample?

Is There Such a Thing As a Summative Response Essay Sample?One of the first steps in preparing for an essay writing task is identifying which types of essay writing samples are the most suitable for your needs. There are a number of different ways to do this, some more effective than others, but one that is often overlooked is by actually identifying your own writing style.Many students do not realize that an essay is not the same for all students. While there are general rules and guidelines about how to format an essay for the more formal settings of an essay writing course, it is important to recognize and put into action a personal style that will complement the style and purpose of the course. This is why a summary response essay sample is so vital. It will allow you to focus on getting your essay completed and to achieve the best results possible without spending too much time and effort on aspects that will be irrelevant to the final product.It is true that all essays are not created equal. To some degree, it is true that all essays are not the same. The difference is not about the amount of writing required, but rather the amount of effort and time it takes to put your ideas into words. How you are able to overcome this is the major difference between a good essay and one that were written haphazardly and half heartedly.Summary response essay samples are a great way to break through the clutter and get on with the main course of the essay. By taking advantage of the many different types of materials available to you, including sample essays, examples of essay samples, and other resources, you can move past the feeling of overwhelm that often accompanies a particularly large assignment.Once you have the necessary resource, you will find that the best way to prepare for an essay is to start by devising your own unique handwriting. It is important to write the essay in a way that will allow it to be read in its entirety, but also one that preserves your ow n unique handwriting. While this may seem like a bit of a challenge, you can have confidence in the fact that there are sample essays available to help you with this very important task.Before you begin your research, you should consider making a list of all of the essay samples available in order to make sure that you are familiar with the styles and formats that are available. Even the simplest of academic writing requires more than just the use of a basic writing style. As a result, it is a good idea to have a clear understanding of how an essay should be presented before getting started.It is important to get into the habit of writing the essay in the form of a writing sample. If you start the actual writing project, you can become disoriented by the variety of things that you will need to remember.Having a sense of the writing sample ahead of time can help you avoid some of the most common pitfalls that cause some essays to be poorly written and others to be published with larg e variations. You can spend many years putting your life together and passing it off as your own, but if you skip this step, you can discover that there are huge problems that will hinder your education.

The Audit Commission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Audit Commission - Essay Example There are distinctive employment capacities with the review commission specifically the Audit family, Performance review family and Functional family, progressing in the direction of a similar objective of improving the open administrations. The Audit commission follows distinctive work designs which would differ as per the activity job and inclination of the worker. There is an adaptable working example embraced by the Audit commission which includes numerical adaptability, useful adaptability and work environment adaptability. This example was received to profit both the association and the workers. The numerical adaptability is embraced to adjust the fluctuating word heaps of the association where there is increment or reduction in the size of the workers. The utilitarian adaptability is the place the workers are prepared on different abilities to serve diverse employment works with the goal that they can be rearranged between different errands during the hour of necessities. The work environment adaptability will assist representatives with finding some kind of harmony among work and life and furthermore it lessens the expense of the organization acquired on the foundation and improves the utilization of assets Fundamental target of any association is to utilize the accessibility of assets adequately and complete the work in the given timetable. Independent of the work area or a capacity, a submitted representative works adequately to give wanted outcomes. Building trust with a representative and giving him duties will improve his productivity and furthermore makes his dependable. The pioneer in associations has a great deal of effect. There must be a sound relationship at work which will rouse the representatives and thus produce better outcomes. The Audit Commission follows the imperious to a vote based model by Tannenbaum and Schmidt which expresses that the pioneer must be definitive simultaneously give opportunity to the representatives. The Audit commission is a benevolent work air and has a decent work rhythm.

Combating software and hardware piracy - 3300 Words

Combating software and hardware piracy (Research Proposal Sample) Content: Combating software and hardware piracy Name Institution Date CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The advancement in of the information technology, human lifestyle, social and economic structure has been redefined entirely, which in turn has increased our dependence on information and communication technology. According to prior reports, there has been an increase in cases of piracy in the information technology sector. The BSA was formed by software manufacturers, to safeguard their interests. From the BSA study, the volume of pirated software has increased considerably in the last decade as compared to the turn of the century, while among the most of the software used by most of the global enterprises, is a staggering 37% were counterfeits (Lu-Ping Wen-Chang, 2003). This research also endeavors to prove that the piracy problems have caused a net loss of around 4 billion (Lu-Ping Wen-Chang, 2003) by software and computer hardware companies in the Asian Pacific region and the rest of the world (group, 2001).This loss turned out as the highest in the world. From the data provide d, it is clear that the extensiveness of software piracy has caused massive financial losses. Failure to address the problem, both the software developers, the software companies, software vendors and the information technology IP development program will be majorly affected. So as to eliminate this unethical conduct of piracy, there is need to understand how the behavior can be combated and controlled PROBLEM STATEMENT The pursuance of this research becomes relevant as piracy is a vice that causes loss of significant resources to the software and hardware industries, this makes it hard for manufacturers and publishers to recover their investment. Software and hardware piracy causes loss of jobs and their related fringe benefits like revenue to major economies both locally and internationally (Athey, Stern, national bureau of economic research, 2013). The economic impact of piracy cannot be ignored as most enterprises do not know that they are largely under-licensed. With decentralized management and other administrative functions including the system to support the large networks, it becomes relatively difficult to establish the use of pirated software by their employees. The ripple effect that results from the use of pirated software has affected almost everyone in the current age in one way or another. For continued research and development, the efforts in creating better software will cause the transfer of liability to the distributors and vendors which are ultimately passed to the end-user. To reduce these economic implications of piracy, there is need to curb this practice completely PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study aims at combating the vice of software and hardware piracy in the computing scene that has currently been on the upward trend. RESEARCH QUESTION The research endeavors to solve the following question in combating the menace that is software and hardware piracy 1 Is there a way the BSA can effectively deal with this incessant case of software and hardware piracy? SUBSIDIARY QUESTIONS 1 What is the main technological advancement so far achieved in combating software and hardware piracy? 2 Is there a way consumers can prevent themselves from the piracy menace? 3 What are the new methods developed by the software and hardware publishers and manufacturers to combat piracy? 4 What is the main contribution of the internet to the fight against software and hardware piracy in this new age of computing? DEFINITION OF TERMS Piracy: Piracy is the unlawful obtaining, duplication, distribution and use of any licensed materials like software and computer hardware when it comes to computing. BSA (Business Software Alliance): an organization in conjunction with governments to advance the software industry. Enterprise software: this is robust software aimed at serving big corporations and businesses Intellectual Property (IP): is the creations of ideas, inventions, innovations, artistic and literary works Copyright: is a legal right created under the law of a given country that will always allow the makers of an original work the exclusive rights to its sale and use. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY This study majorly aims at exploring the adverse effects of piracy on the industry that is enterprise software and hardware. The enterprise software and hardware has complimented businesses for years now. In some case, the industry has become the mainstay of some industry creating a horde of employment. The enterprise software and hardware industry have been majorly infringed by unscrupulous businesses that do not want to pay for the software and hardware they are using. The software and hardware industry has always depended heavily on copyrights and other Intellectual Property (IP) to drive inventions and innovation while ensuring a return on investment in RD. Theft of these valuable IPs is significant and growing problem à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" this undermines the sector's ability to innovate, consequently, limiting growth economically in the respective countries' economies, hence threatening the safety of consumers information. Software piracy is simply put as the unauthorized copying or distribution of copyrighted (licensed) software. The software has different avenues to come to the market; there are a few of routes for piracy. Some of these forms of software and hardware piracy raise challenges especially to the enterprise software and hardware manufacturers that are unique among the licensed industries and require particular enforcement solutions. The above piracy problems bedeviling the software and hardware industry justify the exploration of enterprise software as a point of interest. CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Software piracy is the unlawful duplication of a given venture's developed software and hardware to avoid fees (Straub RW, 1990). Software and hardware piracy behavior and practices has been largely studied from different angles such as a the use of planned behavior theory, reasoned an equity theory perspective and action theory perspective (AG, 1997), and expected utility theory perspective. Research has also initiated on finding whether given diverse software and hardware piracy practices are unethical. There has been a paradigm shift in piracy due to the advancements in the research done in the software and hardware piracy. There different methods and practices of piracy. The different methods of piracy are as stated: Corporate user piracy The software and hardware (enterprise) sectors are crippled by the form of piracy involving ultimate end users copying of software without authorization. This practice can include employees using a copyrighted copy to install and use on the different workstation hence leading to the usage of software on multiple stations on the same network while others copy disks for local use and distribution. This practice also allows taking advantage of updates and other fringe benefits without possessing the legal master copy of the version requiring an upgrade or the hardware requirement, or the movement of disks in or outside the organizations designated premises. Over-use of a master copy of a certain program within an organization's distributed network is another matter of major concern. While these forms of piracy do not majorly involve resale or commercial gains from the sale or distribution, they nonetheless reduce the revenues due to the manufacturers and provide gains to the final users as they can save by not paying for legitimate software licenses. Organizations endà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ user piracy is a significantly different form of piracy problem that is treated in varied ways, from the other practices like counterfeiting. In this case, legal action is taken against the end user rather than a publisher or reseller. Hence, the software and hardware industry depends solely on civil remedies to be able to take action against respectable companies. Leveling suits against such corporate become a colossal problem. Hardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ disk loading The other piracy problem that bedevils the software and hardware industry is when makers of PCs ("original equipment manufacturers" or "OEMs") or vendors of computers and servers install illegal duplicates of software on these devices to increase the sale of the equipment. This practice would ultimately increase the proceeds obtained from the devices without any added costs to the resellers while failing to remit loyalty to the software hence this a major form of exploitation. Preventing this form of piracy comes with different challenges. To establish that software has been duplicated relies on a test purchase of a PC, or in cases where there is a raid on a computer warehouse. These surprise attacks are an essential tool if well implemented. But proving a particular number of illegally obtained copies or hardware can be difficult, especially in cases where the software is copied when a customer buys a computer or in case of poor record keeping by the reseller. Like other rights hol ders, the software and hardware industry also suffers substantial harm from piracy over the internet and from fake copies of the software. Internet Piracy. The most people and businesses usually make use computer systems and the internet for very legitimate personal, commercial and educational reasons. As the web increases opportunities to communicate, do business and learn it also provides new opportunities to duplicate and counterfeit software and hardware components. Software was the first computer technology that is copyrighted to be digitized, and this fact has contributed to the fight against internet piracy in the software industry to be...

Social Contract As A Dominant Political Theory Essay

Social Contract As A Timeless Dominant Political Theory Introduction The concept of social contract was introduced by early thinkers like Socrates and Plato. The social contract is a political theory that involves a tacit agreement between members of society group that allows them to collaborate and promote mutual benefits, as well explains the legitimacy and authority of government. This concept is further explained and defended by 17th and 18th centuries philosophers like Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau, who helped to shape these theories and lay down the foundation for today’s democracy and the role of the government in society. Social contract theories had a profound impact on modern Western society, specifically, America and France. Subsequently, it had a dramatic ideological influence on the development of democracies around the world. However, not everyone agreed with the idea of social contract and there are other political theories which downplay its importance in the role of the government in the community’s life. Theorists, such as Humes, Mandeville, and Smith declare there is no such contract/agreement in existence, but rather maximizing peoples’ utility, market forces, and individual selfishness are the driving forces of a given society. Nevertheless, we need to recognize the importance of social contract because it provides a conceptual basis for the development of a democratic and just society. In addition, social contract, through its constantShow MoreRelatedThe Congress Of The United States Adopted The Declaration Of Independence860 Words   |  4 Pagesinterpretation of these basic ideas of self-evident truths, natural rights and the social contract theory that governments are created by men by authority of consent of the governed to protect the rights to life, liberty and property. Using new scientific theories and a different view of history, the Progressives attempted to better understand politics and use these new views to explain the need for reform. Political theory emerged as a separate science and way of thinking in the last half of the nineteenthRead Moreâ€Å"Modernity Was an Abstract Belief System, Rooted in the Enlightenment. Which Drove Our Traditional Society Towards Technological Development, Industrialisation and Radical Social Change†? Assess the Impact of Modernity675 Words   |  3 Pagesand people be given the freedom to use their own intellect. Hobbesian social control theory was a ideological invention that came about during the pre 1750s. The social control theory is a view that a person’s moral and political obligations are dependent upon a ‘contract’ or an agreement among that to form a society in which they live in. However, social contract theory is rightly associated with modern moral and political theory and is given its first full exposition and defence by Thomas HobbesRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Social Contract1004 Words   |  5 PagesSocial contract denotes that a government or sovereign body exists only to serve the will of the people because the people are the source of political power that is enjoyed by the entity. The people can choose to give or withdraw the power. Not all philosophers agree that the social contract creates rights and obligations; on the contrary, some believe that the social contract imposes restrictions that restrict a person’s natural rights. Individuals who live within the society gain protectionRead Moreâ€Å"Whatever Affects One Directly, Affects All Indirectly† Toxic workplaces is a systemic and1300 Words   |  6 Pagesworkplaces can be framed through the following theories for redress: systems theory explains the interconnectedness and interrelations within systems, social systems theory explains the internal processes of the individuals in the organization, human systems theory explains how the culture or the environment of an organization effects the behavior of the humans in the organization, and conflict theory explains how human and power differences and social identity groups supports oppression. EmotionalRead MoreAnalysis Of John Stuart Mill s Veil Of Ignorance And The Classic Social Contract Theory Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pagesprompt one of the week three Justice Theory essay assignment, and yields an evaluation through considering various internal and external materials from weeks one through three. 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Amadi Department of Political Administrative Studies University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria E-mail: okechukwu.amadi@uniport.edu.ng Abstract In this paper we have attempted to show the significance of St. Augustine’s thought on the problems of politics as contained in his famous work The City of God. We established that his theoretical enterprise on politics and State based as it were on the theory of the two cities, the earthlyRead MoreMuted Group Theory ( Mgt )1593 Words   |  7 Pages Muted Group Theory (MGT) is a critical theory because it is focuses on the power structure and how it is used against certain people and groups. At times, critical theories can divide the powerful and the powerless into a number of different ways. MGT chooses to split the power spectrum into two main categories, men and women. This MGT helps us to understand any groups that are silenced by the lack of power in their language. In dominate groups or activity groups, there are members who have less

The 54th Regiment of Massachusetts African-American...

On January 1, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing the slaves in the rebelling territories of the confederacy and authorizing Black enlistment in the Union Army. Since the beginning of the Civil War, free Black people in general, , were ready to fight on behalf of the Union, yet they were prevented from doing so. Popular racial stereotypes and discrimination against Blacks in the military contributed to the prevailing myth that Black men did not have the intelligence and bravery necessary to serve their country. By the fall of 1862, however, the lack of White Union enlistment and confederate victories at Antietem forced the U.S. government to reconsider its racist policy. As Congress met in†¦show more content†¦By the time training began at Camp Meigs, Shaw and his officers began work with the soldiers whose bravery would forever change public perception of Black military skills. Within six weeks after the opening of Camp Meigs for training, a little over 100 volunteers had been enlisted in the fifty-fourth, 47 of them from Boston. Because the Black population of Massachusetts was so small (approximately 4500 in 1860), Governor Andrew asked George L. Stearns to support the enlistment of Black troops throughout the northern states. Abolitionists across the north contributed over $5000 to Stearns committee to pay for advertising and publicity, while Stearns solicited the help of Black community leaders across the country. (Glathaar 1990). These leaders, all of whom served as recruiting agents for the Union army, included: Frederick Douglass, Lewis Hayden, John Coburn, Charles Lenox Remond, and William Wells Brown. As a result, over 1000 volunteers enlisted in the 54th Regiment, a response so overwhelming that Massachusetts organized a second Black regiment, the fifty-fifth. Men of the fifty-fourth represented twenty-four states, the District of Columbia, the We st Indies, and Africa. Approximately 25% of them had been slaves, over 50% were literate, and, even though as civilians they had worked in forty-six different occupations, the overwhelming majority (55%) were laborers. Regardless of origin, occupation, or social class, the men of the 54th Regiment both inspiredShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Fort Wagner1294 Words   |  6 PagesThe most famous and well known regiment that fought for the Union in the Battle of Fort Wagner, in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina was the 54th regiment from Massachusetts. The regiment is famous because it was one of the first African-American regiments to fight in the Civil War. In the North, where the abolition of slavery was heavily supported, the 54th regiment was considered very controversial. 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African Americans had an important impact on the Civil War. There was individual African Americans who made an important impact in the civil war. For example Frederick Douglass he was known for being a escape slave and a good public speaker for his effortsRead MoreEssay on Glory, by Edward Zwick 1248 Words   |  5 Pagesaward nominations, including several Academy Award nominations and wins. The film recounts the story of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, one of the first officially sanctioned African American units of the Union Army during the Civil War. It tells this story through the eyes of the regiment’s commander, Colonel Robert Gould Shaw, as well as other members of the 54th. It begins with the unit’s inception and follows them up through their participation in the battle at Fort WagnerRead MoreCivil War Movies: Glory1142 Words   |  5 PagesEssay on Glory The movie Glory is about Colonel Robert Shaw coming back from the fighting in the war and leads the first African American regiment in the Civil War, the 54th Massachusetts. The movie focuses on Captain turned Colonel Robert Shaw coming back from battle and training an African American regiment along with his friend Captain Cabot Forbes. The movie focuses on four African Americans, Sargent Rawlins, Thomas Searles, Jupiter Sharts, and Tripp, following their journey into a united divisionRead MoreRobert Gould Shaw And The Civil War1646 Words   |  7 Pagesin the Civil War. He had received an education from Harvard prior to entering the family business and when the secession of the south began his sense of duty required him to join the Union. Shaw was a natural leader and quickly was promoted from Lieutenant to Colonel. As a man who proved his worth as a military leader and his family open support for the integration of freed black slaves into the military, it is only fitting that h e obtained a command leading the first all-black unit the 54th MassachusettsRead MoreAfrican Americans in the Civil War Essay1161 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican Americans in the Civil War About 180,000 African American people comprised 163 units that served in the Union Army, during the time of the Civil War, and many more African American people had served in the Union Navy. Both the free African-Americans and the runaway slaves had joined the fight. On the date of July 17, in the year of 1862, the U. S. Congress had passed two very important acts that would allow the enlistment of many African Americans, but the official enrollment hadRead MoreThe Film Glory By Edward Zwick1200 Words   |  5 PagesNeiel Edmonds Professor Jackson 1 Dec 2014 African American History Glory Essay The film Glory by Edward Zwick is one of the most well-known films of all time. The film itself is solely based upon the first formal unit of the Union Army during the American Civil War which consist of all African American men. They were essentially the very first unit of United States Colored Troops. They were formally known for their courageous attempts to and actions at Fort Wagner in 1863. The film is set inRead MoreGlory Movie Analysis559 Words   |  2 PagesThe movie, Glory, tells a story of the 54th regiment of Massachusetts journey in the Civil War. The 54th regiment was the first group of freed African Americans who volunteered to fight in the Union army. The film describes the journey of these brave men as they face prejudice to fight in the Union army and how they sacrificed their lives to fight for the cause of freedom. The film captures the heroic acts of the 54th regiment of black soldiers and their leader Colonel Robert Shaw. This movie didRead MoreThe Battle Of Fort Wagner1421 Words   |  6 Pagesrole Massachusetts 54th Volunteer regiment (the first all African-American unit in the Civil War) Note: The Battle of Fort Wagner - exemplifies the greatest contributions of Black soldiers during the Civil War o Displayed extreme heroism in assault on Fort Wagner on Morris Island, South Carolina, in July 1863 †¢ â€Å". . . In the face of heavy odds, black troops had proved once again their courage, determination, and willingness to die for the freedom of their race† McPherson, â€Å"The Negro’s Civil War†

Women on men (and vice versa) Essay Example For Students

Women on men (and vice versa) Essay Women on men (and vicversa) Toward the end of Arnold Weskers new play Three Women Talking, a slightly tipsy character named Claire Dawn Hope delivers a long speech at an all-female dinner party. Introduced mock-portentously as the Puzaltski story, the speech is a vulgar joke about a wife who fills in for her football-player husband on his last game with the team. Injured heroically on the field, shes hauled off to the locker room, where the trainer, incapable of believing a woman could have performed so superbly, pushes down on her breasts and assures her that as soon as I getcha balls back into place your prick will come out of hiding, trust me! Though the rest of its conversation generally takes place on a more elevated level, Three Women Talking never strays from the topics embodied in the Puzaltski story. The two-act comedy-drama currently receiving its premiere, not in Weskers home base of England but at Northlight Theatre in the Chicgo suburb of Evanstonis permeated by themes of competition and violence (primarily psychological). It explores thhe experience of being an outsider (Wesker says his Jewishness makes him an alien voice in the British theatre), womens painful efforts to assert themselves on the male-dominated playing field of society, and mens tendency to ignore womens distinctive sexual and emotional characteristicsand their power. The Puzaltski story, with its topic of cross-gender impersonation, also leads to the question of a male playwrights ability to put himself in womens positions. Wesker says his intention was to write a play about the way women talk about men. I know what youre going to ask: |How do you presume to say you know how women talk? I never know what to say to that. There were strong women in my life. My mother, my sister, four aunts, some special cousinsI prefer women. Nearly all my plays have women as central characters. Theyre more courageous, intense. The characters in Three Women Talking, male and female, are certainly intense. The play might more accurately be called Three Couples Talking, though the couples are estranged. The men speak first, in a series of short monologues: Leo, a 44-year-old financial analyst, is in anguish because his wife Mischa has left him; Montcrieff, a 55-year-old writer, rambles on to an imagined mistress about his ex-wife Minerva, whom he left five years earlier; Vincent, a rising Labor Party politician, rehearses for an upcoming television interview. It is to watch Vincents interview that the three women have gathered over dinner at Mischas apartment. The hostess (Carmen Roman), 42, is an academic of Eastern European Jewish ancestry; Mineva (Mary Ann Thebus) is a 50-year-old businesswoman and disillusioned ex-feminist; and Claire (Margo Buchanan), a 39-year-old political researcher, is the recently discarded mistress of Vincent, who dumped her to preserve the family-man image necessary to his political career. An embittered anti-idealist, Claire seems the most proper and least earthy of the three women; but, like the Mrs. Puzaltski of her joke, she reveals an unsuspected capacity for getting down and dirty when the game gets rough. Nevertheless, Three Women Talking is very much a play of ideas. Wesker, who came to prominence in the late 1950s and early 60s with such plays as Roots, The Kitchen and Chips with Everything, thinks internationally, yet feels domestically, the late British critic Kenneth Tynan once wrote. Despite its homey settings including the mock-living room set of the TV talkshow Vincent appears on Three Women Talking addresses far-reaching issues: possible war between Islamic theocracies and Western societies that lack a unifying religious ideology; the Holocaust; and the scientific theory of chaos. Weskers characters toss about educated references to high and low culture ranging from the Bible to John Ruskin, from Singin in the Rain to Shakespeare. Mostly, though, the characters talk about sexual relationships from the raw realities of physical intercourse to the most perverse ambiguities of love, hate, faith and betrayal. The first words out of a womans mouth are commonplace hyperbole: Men! Theyre all the same! Intechangeable! sneers the disenchanted Minerva. The play then proceeds to disprove ber by laying bare the myriad inconsistencies of all its characters. Minervas put-down of men as interchangeable also functions as a theatrical joke: While the women are played by three different actresses, the men are portrayed by a single actor, David Downs. At the plays climax, Downs performs a trio with himself, as Montcrieff holds the stage in a long speech about wishing he could give birth to give meaning to this hopeless, helpless, weird and wonderful life while Leo is heard on tape and Vincent is seen and heard on videotape. This device was conceived last summer when Northlights artistic director, Russell Vandenbroucke, traveled to Weskers home in Wales for woodshedding sessions. (The relationship between Wesker and Northlight was established in 1988, when the theatre presented Weskers 1976 Love Letters on Blue Paper.) I like the idea as a theatrical coup, says Wesker. It also means the actor as a substantial role. But what does Wesker really think about ideas like Claires assertion, Men are for manipulating. Why else were we given tears? I think women often say things like that, he shrugs. And at a certain level its true. There are unpleasant characteristics which men hold in common. And there are unpleasant characteristics which women hold in common. I didnt |research this play   but I hearr women talking about men. Its sort of an accumulation of observations over the years. Some of it is imagined, of course. I projected myself into these personalities. I really dont think characters live on the stage unless they have substance, so I endow my characters with ideas, Wesker adds. Sometimes the ideas these characters express are confused with the ideas of the playwright. They shouldnt be. Still, its hard not to hear the writers own self-examination echoed in the words of his character Montcrieff, who longs to experience the uniquely female process of birth and says hes cursed with this infantile obsession to produce. That leads to a riff on the subject of literature. What is it Scavenging! A writer is a vulture that picks at the dead and the partly living.And when Ive got it all down in a book I go into a marketplace and I take it out of my pocket like a vendor of dirty little postcards, slightly ashamed. You wanna look-see? You buy? Cheap and lovely literature! 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